 |
Islam and Women's Entrepreneurship in the Arab World: A Country-Specific Investigation
|
Author: Hayfaa A. Tlaiss, Alfaisal U.
Author: Maura McAdam, Dublin City U.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
This paper explores how Islam influences the entrepreneurial experiences of women entrepreneurs in an Arab country-specific context. To do so, we adopt a qualitative interpretative approach, drawing on 21 in-depth, semi-structured interviews with Muslim women entrepreneurs. Analysis of the interviews reveals that Islam unfolds as inspiration for Muslim women entrepreneurs to start their own businesses. The findings also illustrate how Islam unfolds as a source of entrepreneurial resilience against adverse economic, political and socio-cultural conditions in Lebanon. Islam’s contributions to the lives of its followers emerge as a mechanism that aids their personal growth and unfolds as a guidebook to help entrepreneurs to grow and develop their businesses through promotion of a balanced approach to stakeholder management. The discussion of these findings stresses the unique contributions and insights they offer to entrepreneurship in general and women’s entrepreneurship.
|
|
|
|
Paper is No Longer Available Online: Please contact the author(s).
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ideological-Spiritual Fulfillment of Ultra-Orthodox Jewish Employment Women
|
Author: Anat Freund, U. of Haifa
Author: Amit Zriker, U. of Haifa
Author: Esti Shor, U. of Haifa
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The Ultra-Orthodox Jewish (hereinafter: UOJ) society, as a faith-based community, is a traditional Jewish society based on the principles of Torah and Jewish law. Traditionally, the objective of women's employment is to financially support their husbands’ Torah study. In recent years, however, there have been many changes and the fields of work have expanded, so that many UOJ women have acquired academic or professional education in new fields that were previously uncommon among this unique society. Women’s desire for self- fulfillment, professionalism and work has become a main source of self-expression, beyond the fulfillment of the traditional roles of UOJ women. In the current study, 203 UOJ women in Israel answered a questionnaire comprised of occupational, familial, and ideological-spiritual fulfillment items. Findings indicate the existence of positive correlations among ideological-spiritual fulfillment, self-expression, job satisfaction, family size, age, and occupational experience. In addition, study findings indicate a complex picture in UOJ women’s lives – the preservation of tradition alongside change. On the one hand, the findings reflect some stability in UOJ women’s ideological-spiritual principles; yet on the other, they also reflect several changes, especially in relation to job satisfaction and self-expression. These findings are discussed both in practical and theoretical contexts.
|
|
|
|
Paper is No Longer Available Online: Please contact the author(s).
|
|
|
|
|
|
The Relationship Between Spirituality and Greed: Sex Matters
|
Author: Alan G. Walker, Auburn U.
Author: Ian Stuart Mercer, Auburn U.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Previous research has established relationships between sex and greed/ethical outcomes as well as college major and greed/ethical outcomes such that males and Business School majors tend to behave less ethically and more greedy. Previous research has also established relationships between spirituality and ethical outcomes. However, no research has examined the relationship between spirituality and a trait measure of greed, nor has previous research examined sex, college major, and spirituality in combination. The results of this study provide evidence that spirituality explained additional, unique variance in a measure of dispositional greed above and beyond that variance explained by sex and college major. This finding demonstrates the need to consider spirituality in scholarly attempts to explain unethical/greedy behavior in organizational settings. Further, the results provide evidence that sex and spirituality interacted in such a way that spiritual females reported significantly lower levels of greed, while spirituality made no difference in self-reported greed for males. The significance of these findings for future research is discussed.
|
|
|
|
Paper is No Longer Available Online: Please contact the author(s).
|
|
|
|
|
Practical Wisdom: The Integration of Eastern and Western Perspectives of Virtue Ethics
|
Author: Mai P. Trinh, Arizona State U.
Author: Elizabeth A. Castillo, Arizona State U.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
In this paper, we integrate Eastern and Western perspectives of virtue ethics to answer the question, How can practical wisdom transfer across cultural boundaries in a world of increasing interconnection? We develop a novel conceptual framework to guide effective action in an increasingly globalized workforce. Within this framework, virtue is defined as a moral agent’s propensity to perform goodness, with goodness defined as what is sustainable and generative to both the individual agent and the system in which (s)he is embedded. This East–West integration of virtue ethics functions as an adaptive algorithm to reliably guide business decision-making in complex environments. Moreover, this integrated approach ensures ongoing context alignment, providing a heuristic that maintains stability under dynamic conditions while simultaneously overcoming problems associated with conventional rule-following. We conclude by exploring what organizations can do to help people become more virtuous and by showing how the proposed framework offers business schools a way to transcend mono-cultural approaches to business ethics in management education.
|
|
|
|
Paper is No Longer Available Online: Please contact the author(s).
|
|
|
|
|