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Scaling Jobs for the Poor: How to Reduce Poverty through Employment
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Author: Aneel Karnani, U. of Michigan, Ann Arbor
Author: Kevin McKague, Cape Breton U.
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The best way to alleviate poverty is to increase the income of the poor by providing productive employment. A pragmatic approach is to focus on a sector of the economy that is employment intensive and growing rapidly. A good candidate is the business process outsourcing (BPO) sector. Impact sourcing is a subset of the BPO sector that focuses on reducing poverty by providing jobs to the poor. While this sounds promising, impact sourcing has not delivered on the promise, at least not yet. We illustrate our argument using in-depth case studies of three of the largest impact sourcing service providers.
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Paper is No Longer Available Online: Please contact the author(s).
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Can a Mobile Ethics App Promote Ethical Employee Behavior? Evidence from a Field Experiment.
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Author: Boon Heon Tan, Singapore Management U.
Author: Don Ferrin, Singapore Management U.
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Although organizations have begun to use information technology to communicate and inform employees of ethical values, organizational policies, and regulatory codes, little research has examined the effectiveness of such programs. We propose that a mobile ethics app, an app installed on employees’ devices which simply outlines organizational and regulatory policies and codes, can influence employees’ unethical behavior in two ways: by increasing their moral awareness, and by influencing their beliefs that the organization is monitoring them. We also suggest that trait goal orientation moderates these indirect effects such that the indirect effects of the mobile ethics app via moral awareness and perceived monitoring will depend on employee’s learning and performance goal orientation, respectively. We tested our hypotheses using data from a natural field experiment conducted in a mid-sized European pharmaceutical firm in China. Our study extends theory and research on not only behavioral ethics but also social facilitation theory and goal orientation theory. Keywords: ethics; technology; moral awareness; monitoring; goal orientation; learning orientation; performance orientation; field experiment
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Paper is No Longer Available Online: Please contact the author(s).
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Corporate Social Responsibility in an Innovation Era: A Conceptual Exploration
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Author: Sebastian M. Pfotenhauer, TUM School of Management / MCTS, Technical U. of Munich
Author: Nina Frahm, TUM School of Management, Technische U. München
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Highly innovative companies, the pacemakers of economies and societies in the 21st century, have recently faced increasing public controversy and governmental scrutiny. In light of various scandals – ranging from alleged roles in election meddling, to data leaks and privacy issues, to the testing of autonomous vehicles and rogue experiments on human genome editing – citizens, policy-makers, and corporate leaders alike are calling for greater corporate responsibility in innovation practice. Yet, existing scholarship on corporate social responsibility (CSR) has paid little explicit attention to the ways in which innovations disrupt social orders and political systems. In this paper, we explore how CSR innovation can address the social and political consequences of innovation. We draw on theories from Science and Technology Studies (STS) and especially the notions of “politics of technology” and “responsible innovation” to identify shared conceptual interests in 6 domains: the boundaries of accountability, affected communities, responsiveness and inclusiveness, socio-cultural embeddedness, citizenship, and the concentration of power. We conclude with some tentative thoughts on implementation options of responsible innovation in corporate settings as part of CSR. Our work provides new opportunities for understanding companies as inclusive organization through the lens of innovation.
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Paper is No Longer Available Online: Please contact the author(s).
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Corporate Responsibility Meets Digital Economy (WITHDRAWN)
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Author: Leena Lankoski, Aalto U. School of Business
Author: N. Craig Smith, INSEAD
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We examine how the digital transformation in the economy may affect the field of corporate responsibility (CR) and whether some of the foundational assumptions of the field may need to be re-examined in light of those developments. We identify five key digital economic phenomena from a CR-relevant perspective, outline their associated ethical opportunities and threats, and map those opportunities and threats against three core questions that define the landscape of the CR field. The three questions are for what, towards whom, and for whose actions a firm can be responsible. We find that while there are foreseeable changes required of the CR field in relation to all three questions, the first question does not challenge any foundational assumptions; the second one might do so to an extent but this is currently quite speculative; and the third one does challenge some important foundational assumptions that relate to the assignment of responsibility. Our analysis not only contributes to a better understanding of the phenomenon of CR in a digital world, but also reveals weaknesses in current CR theorising as we show how assigning and apportioning responsibility between different human (including organizational) agents – and, potentially, non-human agents – is not yet on firm ground.
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Paper is No Longer Available Online: Please contact the author(s).
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